Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder that involves a decrease or complete halt in airflow despite an ongoing effort to breathe.

Narcolepsy is a neurological sleep disorder that causes a potentially disabling level of daytime sleepiness.

Sleep deprivation occurs when an individual fails to get enough sleep. The amount of sleep that a person needs
varies from one person to another, but on average most adults need about seven to eight hours of sleep each
night to feel alert and well rested.

Epidemiologic studies consistently report an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among persons who report short or long sleep duration.